Bison, also known as buffalo, are large herbivorous mammals.
There are two species of bison: the American bison and the European bison.
Bison have a distinctive hump on their shoulders, which is a muscle mass supported by long vertebrae.
They are social animals and often form herds for protection.
The American bison is the largest terrestrial mammal in North America.
Bison are well-adapted to cold climates, with a thick fur coat for insulation.
They have a massive head with curved horns that can span over two feet.
Bison are grazers, primarily feeding on grasses and sedges.
They are known for their wallowing behavior, where they roll in dust or mud to protect against insects.
The European bison, also known as wisent, is the heaviest land animal in Europe.
Bison can reach speeds of up to 35 miles per hour despite their large size.
They play a crucial role in shaping and maintaining the grasslands they inhabit.
Bison have a unique digestive system, with a four-chambered stomach for efficient processing of tough plant materials.
The Plains Bison and Wood Bison are the two subspecies of American bison.
Bison herds were once vast and numbered in the millions in North America.
They were nearly driven to extinction in the 19th century due to overhunting and habitat loss.
Bison have a distinct vocalization, often described as grunts, snorts, and bellows.
The conservation efforts in the 20th century helped save bison from extinction.
Bison are excellent swimmers and can cross rivers and streams with ease.
They have a gestation period of about nine months, and calves are usually born in the spring.
Bison have a lifespan of around 15 to 20 years.
They are known to migrate over long distances in search of food and suitable habitats.
The hump on a bison's back is composed of muscle, not fat.
Bison are herbivores but occasionally consume mineral-rich soil.
They are well-suited to withstand harsh weather conditions, including cold temperatures and snow.
Bison are considered a keystone species, influencing the diversity and structure of their ecosystems.
Bison have a broad, strong tongue for efficiently grasping and pulling grass.
The historical and cultural significance of bison is significant among Native American tribes.
They are often depicted in prehistoric cave paintings and Native American art.
Bison are territorial, and males often engage in dominance displays to establish hierarchy within the herd.